LAKSHMEESHA
- Lakshmeesha
(ಲಕ್ಷ್ಮೀಶ)
- lakSmISa
- 16th
century (1550 A.D.)
- Devanuru
(dEvanUru) in Chikkamagalur district. (Surapura in
Gulbarga
district??)
- Brahmana
(Srivaishnava?)
- None
- Karnata
Kavichutavana Chaitra 2. Upamaa Lola
- Lakshmeesha
held a unique position among the medieval poets of Kannada particularly in the pre
colonial era when literature had alternative means of propagation other than writing
and pedagogy. Many epics were perennial favorites among the illiterate communities
also because of oral propagation and Gamaka tradition. Of course different regions
of Karnataka had affinities towards different works because of their religious loyalties.
However, the percolation of the value system preached by the upper echelons of the
society did not meet with stiff resistance and consequently works such as ‘Kumaravyasa
Bharata’ and ‘Jaimini Bharata’ were quite popular. Jaimini Bharata is essentially
episodic in nature and it was easy to recite it in smaller chunks. The stories of
Chandrahasa, Chandi and Uddhalaka, Seethavanavasa and Sudhnvana kalaga could be
treated as independent works. Lakshmeesha who lived after the spread of Bhakti movement
across the country had the twin advantages of writing about battles and valor and
culminating in the supremacy of Bhakti. For him, loyalty to
Krishna
and a subjugation of the self was of paramount importance. Actually this attitude
contains elements of ‘Prapatti’ a concept from ‘Srivaishnnava’ philosophy which
advocates total surrender. Many heroes portrayed by Lakshmeesha such as Hamsadhvaja,
Sudhanva and Youvanashva were stronger than Arjuna but they did not mind sacrificing
their lives in order to obtain
Krishna’s
blessings. Lakshmeesha finds occasions to introduce elements of amour and humour
in order to cater to the multiple tastes of his audience. Lakshmeesha had to contend
with great practitioners of ‘Shatpadi’ meter such as Raghavanka, Kumaravyasa and
Chamarasa. He could not take resort to the story of Mahabharata or Ramayana because
the possibilities of those epics were exhausted at least at that point of time.
Lakshmeesha chooses the events that took place after the great Mahabharata war.
The element of relative merits was marginalised because this facet of the original
epic was not chosen by
Pampa
and Kumaravyasa. Of course Lakshmeesha
cannot compare with other two as far as poetic vision and structural beauty are
concerned. Lakshmeesha has an eye for nature and describes it in detail. Added to
that he has the ability of correlating nature with human emotions. This is evident
in the manner in which flora and fauna of the forest empathize with Chandrahasa
in his agony. This attitude of treating nature and human beings as integral parts
of a continuum is noteworthy. The stylistic priorities of this poet were geared
towards melody rather than meaning. He could lend an aura of music to his poetry
which was unique in those days. The fact that he could do it with a language which
was a pleasing mixture of Sanskrit and Kannada vouches for his poetic genius. Thus
Lakshmeesha has a pre eminent position in the galaxy of Kannada poets
- Jaimini Bharata (jaimini BArata)
- References:
1. ‘Kavi Lakshmeesha’, 1933, Kannada Sangha, Chikkamagalur.
2. ‘Lakshmeesha’,
1955, (2nd Print) N.Anantarangachar,
Prasaranga,
Mysore
University
,
Mysore
.
3. ‘Kavi Lakshmeeshana
Kavyalankara Vaihava’, R.N.Malagi, 1960
4. ‘Kavyavihara’,
Kuvempu,
Mysore
5. ‘Sahityada
Virat Svaropa’, D.R.Bendre, Samaja Pustakalaya, Dharawada.
6. Lakshmeeshana Jaimini
Bharata-ondu Adhyayana, Vamana D. Bendre.
7. Lakshmeesha
Kannada Kavi Kavya Parampare, edited by .Seetharamaiah, IBH Prakashana,
Bangalore
11. Links:
12. Translations:
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